The Majapahit Empire flourishes on Java
The Majapahit Empire was a Hindu Empire and thalassocracy in Southeast Asia, based on the island of Java, that existed from 1293 to circa 1527.
Kingdoms & empire
The Mali Empire comes into power in West Africa
The empire began as a small Mandinka kingdom at the upper reaches of the Niger River, centred around the town of Niani (the empire’s namesake in Manding).
The Nation of Ma-i flourishes in modern-day Philippines
The nation of Ma-i, a Buddhist pre-Hispanic Philippine island-state centered in Mindoro, flourished as an entrepôt, attracting traders and shipping from the Kingdom of Ryukyu to the Empire of Japan.
Genghis Khan unites the Mongols, creating the Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire emerged from the unification of several nomadic tribes in the Mongol homeland under the leadership of Genghis Khan, whom a council proclaimed ruler of all the Mongols in 1206.
The Kingdom of Benin flourishes in modern-day Benin
The Benin Kingdom was “one of the oldest and most highly developed states in the coastal hinterland of West Africa, dating perhaps to the eleventh century CE”,[2] until it was annexed by the British Empire in 1897.
The Nabhani dynasty comes to power in Oman
The Nabhani dynasty were rulers of Oman from 1154 until 1624, when the Yaruba dynasty took power. One of their most visible legacies is the Bahla Fort, a large complex of mud brick buildings on stone foundations which is registered as a UNESCO world heritage site.
Aja migrants found the Great Ardra kingdom in modern-day Benin
Great Ardra, also known by numerous variant spellings, was a coastal West African kingdom in what is now southern Benin. It was named for its capital, the modern Allada.
The Kingdom of Mapungubwe thrives in modern-day South Africa
The Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c.1075–1220) was a medieval state in South Africa located at the confluence of the Shashe and Limpopo rivers, south of Great Zimbabwe.
The Vazimba kingdoms emerge in the central highlands of Madagascar
The first period of Malagasy oral history is known as the Vazimba period, beginning with the Vazimbas’ establishment of kingdoms – often ruled by Queens – in the central Highlands region of Madagascar.
The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa flourishes in modern-day Sri Lanka
The Kingdom of Polonnaruwa was the Sinhalese kingdom from which Sri Lankan kings ruled the island from the 11th century until 1310 CE.